Nursing Informatics: Nurses as Knowledge Workers and Information Management in Healthcare | Study notes Nursing | Docsity (2024)

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Nursing Informatics Test 1 Chapters 1-6 Exam 65 Questions with Verified Answers What is data? - CORRECT ANSWER Characters, numbers, or facts gathered for analysis and possibly later action What is information? - CORRECT ANSWER Interpreted data, i.e., B/P readings What is knowledge? - CORRECT ANSWER Synthesis of information from several sources to produce a single concept What is wisdom? - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs when knowledge is used appropriately to manage and solve problems What is the role of a nurse as a knowledge worker? - CORRECT ANSWER Nurses detect patterns to create new knowledge Data gatherer -Collects clinical data Information user -Interprets clinical data and uses it to monitor patients, aids with decisions Knowledge user -Compares data to current knowledge What is the significance of good information and knowledge management for healthcare delivery, the healthcare disciplines, and healthcare consumers? - CORRECT ANSWER Good information management provides the right information at the right time to the right people. Knowledge management creates systems that enable organizations to tap into the knowledge, experiences, and creativity of their staff to improve their performance. What is medical informatics? - CORRECT ANSWER The application of information science and technology to acquire, process, organize, interpret, store, use, and communicate medical data in all of its forms in medical education, practice and research, patient care, and health management What is nursing informatics? - CORRECT ANSWER "...integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge and wisdom into nursing practice. ...facilitates the integration of data, information, knowledge and wisdom to support patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision-making in all roles and settings. This support is accomplished through the use of information structures, information processes, and information technology" What is consumer informatics? - CORRECT ANSWER Branch of medical informatics that studies the use of electronic information and communication to improve medical outcomes and the health care decision-making process from the patient/consumer perspective What is information literacy? - CORRECT ANSWER The ability to recognize when information is needed as well as the skills to find, evaluate, and use needed information effectively What is the Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform Initiative? - CORRECT ANSWER Legislation requiring nurses learn informatics What is the difference in informatics competencies needed for nurses entering into practice, experienced nurses, and informatics nurses and nurse specialists? - CORRECT ANSWER Entry Possess basic computer skills Use information technology to support clinical and administrative processes Access data and charts electronically Support patient safety initiatives using information technology Recognize role of informatics in nursing Experienced Possess basic computer skills Support specialty area, including quality improvement and other activities, via IT Use evidence-based databases Promote technology applications Use information systems and work with IT staff to enact system improvements Contingency planning Storage period for each record type Media degradation Obsolescence of hardware and software Maintenance of access devices What are the relative merits of outsourcing data storage? - CORRECT ANSWER Must consider costs: Personnel Space Equipment Maintenance Expertise What factors that should be addressed when planning for data retrieval? - CORRECT ANSWER Performance response Capacity—amount of available storage Security—protected against unauthorized access Cost What characteristics are associated with quality information? - CORRECT ANSWER Timely Precise Accurate Numerically quantifiable Verifiable by independent means Rapidly and easily available Free from bias Comprehensive Appropriate to the user's needs Clear Reliable Convenient What is the significance of data cleansing for data warehousing and mining? - CORRECT ANSWER Procedure that uses software to improve the quality of data to ensure that it is accurate enough for use in data mining and warehousing Technique that uses software to look for hidden patterns and relationships in large groups of data What is the role of the nurse with knowledge discovery in databases? - CORRECT ANSWER Similar to data mining Rapidly expanding field Seeks to use the data repository to provide information useful for multiple purposes including research, outcome measurement, and efficacy of treatments Who is Michael Jackson? - CORRECT ANSWER Idk man im a millenial What is a computer and how does it work? - CORRECT ANSWER an information processing electronic device that can be used to collect, manipulate, store, and process data and information What are the major hardware components of computers? - CORRECT ANSWER Hardware Software Data System usage rules Interfaces to support user interaction What are networks and the major types of network configurations? - CORRECT ANSWER a combination of hardware and software that enables communication and electronic transfer of information between computers Local area networks (LANs) Wide area networks (WANs) Thin client technology Internet, Intranet, Extranet What are some considerations for choosing and using a computer system? - CORRECT ANSWER Supercomputers Mainframe computers Minicomputers Personal computers (also known as PCs or desktop computers) Laptop or notebook computers Tablet computers PDAs, e.g., smart phones Small, limited function devices, e.g., wearable technology. What are the advantages and disadvantages of mainframe? - CORRECT ANSWER Large computers. Capable of processing several million instructions per second. Support multiple organizational functions. Found in large hospitals and businesses. What are the major types of software commonly used with computer systems? - CORRECT ANSWER a set of instructions that communicates with the computer and tells it what to do. Software can be defined as the programs, routines and symbolic languages that control the functioning of computer hardware and direct its operation Operating Systems - manage all computer activities, e.g., Windows Application Software - designed to accomplish a particular task. Word processing, financial management, drawing, presentation graphics, databases. Specialized Software Project management Personnel scheduling Report software Utility programs - help to manage the computer and its data. What are the roles and responsibilities of various computer support personnel? - CORRECT ANSWER Call or helpdesk staff PC specialist Super user Clinical liaison Network administrator Trainer Webmaster Programmer Interface engineer Chief privacy officer Compliance officer Virtual tours Advertisem*nts Product information What is selected technology and techniques for managing information? - CORRECT ANSWER Schedule times to check e-mails Respond to e-mails in order of priority Use spam filters Sort your inbox Use folders Delete e-mails/clean out inbox Write brief e-mails RSS feeds—subscribe to content on sites Spreadsheets—organize data in the form of lists Databases—sorting data, can use queries to find information Social media—ability to connect with friends and share own postings What is electronic communication? - CORRECT ANSWER Communicating over the internet Compare and contrast e-mail, instant messaging, and text messaging - CORRECT ANSWER Email Use of computers to transmit text messages to one or more persons with almost instant delivery. Mail can be sent anywhere in the world as long as the person has an e-mail address. Instant messaging (IM) Interactive, real-time, text discussion that may occur via computers, cell phones, or other mobile devices. What is the difference between between the Internet and the World Wide Web? - CORRECT ANSWER The World Wide Web (WWW) is a portion of the Internet. The Web accesses information over the medium of the Internet. The Web is an information-sharing model built on top of the Internet. What is the process required to access both the Internet and the World Wide Web? - CORRECT ANSWER Uniform Resource Locator (URL) String of characters similar to a postal address. Identifies the document's Web location and type of server on which it resides. Links generated from a browser search provide an easy, user friendly method for getting to the URL. What are services available on the Internet and the World Wide Web? - CORRECT ANSWER E-mail Instant messaging (IM) File transfer (FTP) Database searches Remote log-on Discussion and news groups Discussion (Listserv or Mailing) groups News (Usenet) groups, e.g., sci.med.nursing (forum for nursing issues) What the advantages and disadvantages that the Internet and the World Wide Web have over traditional means of communicating information? - CORRECT ANSWER Pros: Easy access to information, sharing of said information, quick communication Cons: Quality of information. Too much traffic leading to "collapse". Security Malware Inaccurate Websites Unregulated use of point-of-care and other medical applications. What is a search index? - CORRECT ANSWER What is a search engine? - CORRECT ANSWER Help retrieve information on the web using search terms entered in a search box. Generalized Search Engines Google (http://www.google.com) Yahoo! (http://search.yahoo.com) Bing (http://www.bing.com) Lycos (http://www.lycos.com) Specialized Search engines Omni Medical Search How do you evaluate quality of information for a Website? - CORRECT ANSWER SPAT Other methods Compare and contrast the purpose and use of intranets and extranets to the purpose and use of the Internet - CORRECT ANSWER The Internet is a network that is available to anyone with an Internet-connected device. It is a massive collection of networks sharing information publicly in the form of interlinked Web pages. An intranet network is only available to a small group of people. Intranets are mainly used within businesses and organizations to provide access to files and applications among networked computers and servers. An extranet is similar to an intranet, but is accessible via a Web portal. An extranet may be accessed from anywhere if the user has a valid user name and password. What are the various types of information systems used within healthcare institutions? - CORRECT ANSWER Use of computer hardware and software to process data into information Clinical information systems (CISs) Administrative systems Nursing Multidisciplinary Monitoring Laboratory Pharmacy Radiology Emergency department Physician practice management systems Long term Home care